CAUSES OF GALLSTONE DISEASE:

• Metabolic disorders: An excessive amount of cholesterol in the bile contributes to crystallization and stone formation.
• Genetic predisposition: Inherited factors can increase the risk of developing the disease.
• Improper nutrition: A diet high in fats and low in fiber contributes to impaired gallbladder function.
• Excess weight and a sedentary lifestyle: Obesity and the lack of physical activity worsen gallbladder motility.
• Other factors: Infectious processes and hormonal disorders may also play a role in the pathogenesis.

PRINCIPAL TREATMENT APPROACHES:

EXAMINATION:
• Ultrasound: The primary method for detecting stones, assessing their size, and localization.
• Laboratory tests: Biochemical blood analysis to assess liver function and bilirubin levels.
• Instrumental methods: CT or MRI are performed when necessary to clarify the disease picture.

TREATMENT:

• Conservative therapy:

● Medications that normalize bile composition, such as ursodeoxycholic acid, help dissolve small stones.
● Spasmolytics and choleretic agents help relieve spasms and improve bile flow.

• Indications for surgical treatment:

● Acute exacerbations of cholecystitis accompanied by severe pain, fever, and increased inflammatory activity.
● Stones of a large size, for which conservative therapy is ineffective.
● The presence of complications such as acute pancreatitis or cholangitis, when urgent surgical intervention is required.
● A chronic relapsing process leading to deterioration of gallbladder function, when a planned cholecystectomy is the preferred method.
● Clinic feature: At "Genesis Dnipro," there is the possibility of surgical treatment using the latest technologies, which ensures a highly effective and safe intervention.

HYDRATION REGIMEN:
During treatment and prevention of gallstone disease, special attention is paid to the water regime, which helps normalize metabolic processes in the body.
• Water quality: It is recommended to drink clean drinking water without excess chlorine and foreign impurities.
• Mineralization: The water should have moderate mineralization to maintain electrolyte balance.
• Amount of fluid: It is recommended to consume 2. 5–3 liters of fluid per day, which helps dilute the bile and improve its flow.
• Teas and decoctions: Herbal teas (for example, those with plant components that aid digestion) help maintain water balance and have additional anti-inflammatory effects.

DIET:
A balanced diet is an important component of the comprehensive treatment of gallstone disease.
• Low-fat diet: Eliminating fatty, fried, and spicy foods reduces the burden on the gallbladder.
• High fiber: Vegetables, fruits, and whole-grain products contribute to normalizing metabolic processes and preventing bile stasis.
• Proteins: Lean meat, fish, legumes, and dairy products provide the body with necessary amino acids without excess fat.
• Small, frequent meals: Regular consumption of small portions helps avoid overloading the digestive system and supports normal gallbladder functioning.
• Limiting sugars: Reducing the consumption of simple carbohydrates helps prevent the development of insulin resistance, which indirectly affects stone formation.

PREVENTION:
• Maintaining a healthy weight, regular physical activity, and avoiding harmful habits will help reduce the risk of stone formation.
• Adhering to a proper hydration regimen and diet are key preventive measures that contribute to the normalization of gallbladder function.
• Regular examinations by a specialist will allow early detection of the disease and timely intervention.
• Rehabilitation: The 24-hour inpatient rehabilitation facility at the "Genesis Dnipro" clinic provides constant monitoring and support for the patient at all stages of recovery after surgical treatment.

The information about the treatment methods is for informational purposes only. Before starting therapy, it is necessary to consult a doctor to choose the optimal treatment plan.

CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT:

1) Stones in the gallbladder can be dissolved using medications such as ursodeoxycholic acid. For example, Ursophalk 250 mg – start with 1 capsule once a day and adjust to the required dose depending on the weight – to be taken for no less than 6 months, provided there is no nausea. . .

2) For pain, medications such as Duspatalin 200 mg (a spasmolytic) can be used – up to 3 times a day, or Billody (himecronal) (also a spasmolytic) up to 2 times a day, but not for more than 2 consecutive weeks. . .

3) NB! It is important to be prepared at any moment for the possibility that a stone may pass into the bile duct, which may require urgent surgery. If there are multiple stones or there have already been episodes of biliary colic, it is advisable not to delay and to schedule the surgery electively.