The most effective means for restoring kidney cells include:

Medications that improve kidney blood supply and microcirculation:
- Actovegin or Solcoseryl: stimulate cellular metabolism and tissue regeneration.
- Pentoxifylline (Trental): improves microcirculation in kidney capillaries.
- L-Arginine: supports nitric oxide production, improving blood flow and reducing cell damage.

Antioxidants and cell membrane protectors:
- Mexidol: protects cells from oxidative stress.
- Glutathione (intravenously): a powerful antioxidant that helps restore cells.
- Vitamins E and C: support the antioxidant protection of cells.

Medications to stimulate cell regeneration:
- Erythropoietins: stimulate kidney recovery by activating receptors for this protein.
- Peptide bioregulators: such as cytomedin-based drugs that stimulate kidney tissue regeneration.

Amino acids and protein complexes:
- Hepasol-Neo: restores amino acid balance.
- Taurine: has antioxidant and membrane-protective properties.

Immunosuppressants (for autoimmune damage):
- Methylprednisolone or Cyclophosphamide: prevent further cell destruction (used strictly as prescribed by a doctor).

Cellular technologies (for the future):
- Stem cell therapy: actively studied and shows promise in nephron regeneration.

Accompanying measures:

Stabilization of blood pressure:
- ACE inhibitors (e. g. , Ramipril) or angiotensin receptor blockers (Valsartan) improve kidney blood flow and protect their cells.
- Correction of acid-base balance: sodium bicarbonate drips in metabolic acidosis.

Diet: reducing kidney load (limiting protein, salt, potassium).

Most effective measures:
- Actovegin, Mexidol, L-Arginine, and antioxidants provide the best results in restoring cell metabolism.
- Combining with individual therapy aimed at eliminating the causes of damage (hypertension, inflammation, intoxication) increases the chances of success.

Esafosfina is a drug containing phosphoethanolamine, used in medicine to stimulate cellular energy metabolism, especially under hypoxia or increased load conditions. It promotes the restoration of energy metabolism in cells and can be used to support tissue regeneration, including the kidneys.

Mechanism of action:
- Stimulates ATP (adenosine triphosphate) synthesis, the main energy source for cells.
- Improves cell resistance to hypoxia (oxygen deprivation).
- Supports cell membrane functions by stabilizing the phospholipid layer.

Application of Esafosfina in kidney diseases:

Kidney tissue regeneration:
- Improves energy supply to kidney parenchyma cells, aiding their recovery after damage (e. g. , ischemia, toxic effects, or inflammation).

Support of nephron functions:
- Increases energy production in kidney cells, helping them cope with the load in renal failure or reduced filtration capacity.

Protection from oxidative stress:
- Indirectly reduces tissue damage caused by free radicals, which is important for preventing further nephron destruction.

Indications:
- Conditions associated with tissue hypoxia.
- Toxic cell damage.
- Reduced energy metabolism against the background of chronic diseases.

Application and dosage:
- The drug is administered intravenously, with dosage selected individually depending on the patient's condition. Treatment usually lasts several weeks, depending on the degree of tissue damage and the body's response.

Limitations:
- The drug is used with caution in severe renal or hepatic insufficiency.
- Monitoring of electrolyte and acid-base balance is necessary.

Conclusion:
- Esafosfina can be beneficial for kidney cell restoration, especially in comprehensive therapy aimed at tissue regeneration. However, its use requires consultation with a nephrologist to determine the optimal treatment regimen.