Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining that can be caused by various factors such as medication use, alcohol abuse, irritating foods, stress, and bacterial infections like Helicobacter pylori. Gastritis may present with symptoms such as heartburn, nausea, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite.

To diagnose gastritis, a doctor may recommend a gastroscopy. This procedure involves inserting a thin, flexible tube with a camera at the end through the mouth into the stomach to visualize the lining and take tissue samples for analysis. Gastroscopy is a safe and painless procedure that allows for the detection of any damage or abnormalities in the stomach lining and provides an accurate diagnosis. Additionally, it can be used to treat certain conditions, such as stomach ulcers or the removal of polyps. During gastroscopy, we perform: photo and video recording, and a test for Helicobacter pylori.

It is important to follow the doctor's instructions before the procedure and inform them if you are taking blood-thinning medications or suffer from cardiovascular or respiratory diseases. After the gastroscopy, you can return to normal activities, but it is recommended to avoid irritating foods and alcohol for a few days. If symptoms persist or worsen, it is important to consult the doctor again for an evaluation of additional treatment options.

Gastroscopy under medication-induced sleep is a procedure in which a patient is given a sedative to ensure a comfortable and painless gastroscopy. This is beneficial for patients who experience anxiety or fear about the procedure, as well as for those who have increased throat sensitivity or a gag reflex.

Under medication-induced sleep, the patient is in a state of drowsiness but can still breathe independently and respond to the doctor's commands. Doctors typically use short-acting medications so that the patient can quickly awaken after the procedure.

Before undergoing gastroscopy under medication-induced sleep, it is important to inform the doctor of any allergic reactions to medications or any medications currently being taken. After the procedure, it is advised that the patient does not drive or make important decisions for 24 hours until the effects of the sedative have completely worn off.

Stomach acidity is an indicator that characterizes the amount of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice. It affects the process of food digestion and the body's defense against bacteria and infections.

The determination of stomach acidity is carried out using special tests, such as gastrofibroscopy or gastroesophageal refluxometry. During these tests, the pH level of the gastric juice is measured, which indicates its acidity.

The normal level of stomach acidity ranges from 1.5 to 3.5 pH. With increased acidity (below 1.5 pH), various problems may arise, such as gastritis, stomach ulcers, or esophagitis. With decreased acidity (above 3.5 pH), dyspepsia (digestive disorder) or reactions to medications may occur.

Determining stomach acidity may be necessary for diagnosing various gastrointestinal tract diseases. It can also be conducted to assess the effectiveness of treatment or monitor the patient's condition.

To conduct the test, certain preparations are usually required, including restricting food and liquid intake before the procedure. It may also be necessary to discontinue medications that affect stomach acidity.

Determining stomach acidity is an important procedure for diagnosing and monitoring gastrointestinal tract diseases. Therefore, if a doctor recommends it, it is important to follow their recommendations and undergo the procedure within the specified timeframe. This will help identify potential problems and prevent their development.

Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that can cause various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastritis and stomach ulcers. To diagnose this bacterium, a Helicobacter pylori test can be conducted.

There are several methods to determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori:

1. Antibody test for Helicobacter pylori. This test is based on detecting antibodies to the bacterium in the patient's blood. However, it is not always accurate, as antibodies can remain in the body even after the bacterium has been eradicated.

2. Breath test for Helicobacter pylori. In this test, the patient is asked to drink a solution containing carbon acid with a labeled isotope. If Helicobacter pylori is present in the stomach, it will release carbon dioxide, which can be detected in the exhaled air.

3. Gastroscopy with biopsy. This method involves using a special instrument (fibrogastroscope) to take a tissue sample from the stomach for further examination for the presence of the bacterium.

4. Antimicrobial susceptibility test. This test is conducted if Helicobacter pylori is detected to determine which antibiotics will be most effective in treating the infection.

Preparation for the Helicobacter pylori test may include discontinuing the use of antacids and medications that affect stomach acidity several days before the procedure. Dietary restrictions and fasting may also be required before the test.

If you have symptoms indicating a possible presence of Helicobacter pylori or are at risk of contracting this bacterium, you may be advised to undergo testing. In the case of a positive result, it is necessary to discuss a treatment plan with your doctor. It is important to remember that treatment for Helicobacter pylori should only be prescribed by a doctor and conducted under their supervision.

A stomach biopsy is a procedure in which a small sample of tissue is taken from the stomach lining for further examination under a microscope. This allows for the detection of inflammation, infection, or malignant changes in the stomach tissue.

The biopsy procedure can be performed during a gastroscopy. The doctor inserts an endoscope with a tool for taking a tissue sample through the patient's mouth and down to the stomach. Then, a small tissue sample is taken using the tool and sent to a laboratory for further analysis.

Typically, a stomach biopsy does not cause significant pain, as it is performed under local anesthesia. However, after the procedure, the patient may experience slight discomfort in the throat or stomach.

The biopsy results may be ready in a few days or weeks, depending on the chosen method of analysis. The doctor usually discusses the results with the patient and recommends further actions based on the findings.

A stomach biopsy is an important procedure for diagnosing various stomach diseases and preventing complications. Therefore, if a doctor recommends this procedure, it is important to follow their advice and not delay it.

Stomach polyps are small protruding growths on the inner lining of the stomach. They can vary in size and shape and can be either benign or malignant.

The removal of stomach polyps can be performed during a gastroscopy using a special instrument. The doctor inserts an endoscope with a tool for removing polyps through the patient's mouth and into the stomach. Then, the polyps are removed using various techniques, such as electrocautery or snaring.

After the procedure, the patient may experience slight discomfort in the throat or stomach, which usually subsides within a few days. The doctor may also recommend dietary restrictions and prescribe medication to alleviate pain.

The removed polyps are sent for further examination in a laboratory to determine their nature and the potential for malignant changes.

Polypectomy is an important procedure for preventing the development of stomach cancer and may be recommended if polyps are detected during a gastroscopy or if there are risk factors for their appearance. Therefore, it is important to follow the doctor's recommendations and undergo polypectomy if necessary.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment method that uses a combination of a photosensitizing agent and a special light source to destroy tumors and other abnormal growths.

In the case of stomach treatment, PDT can be used to treat cancer or precancerous conditions such as dysplasia or Barrett's esophagus. The procedure is carried out in several stages:

1. Administration of the photosensitizing agent. The patient is given an intravenous catheter, and the photosensitizing agent is administered intravenously, which accumulates in the cancer cells.

2. Waiting period. After the administration of the agent, the patient needs to wait several hours to allow the agent to accumulate in the tumor.

3. Use of a special light source. After the waiting period, an endoscope with a light source is introduced to the patient and directed at the cancerous tissue. The light activates the photosensitizing agent, leading to the destruction of cancer cells.

4. Use of a laser. If the cancer cells are located in the deeper layers of the stomach, a laser may be required to activate the photosensitizing agent.

After the procedure, the patient may experience some discomfort in the stomach or throat, which usually subsides within a few days. The doctor may also recommend dietary restrictions and medications to alleviate pain.

Photodynamic therapy can be effective in treating stomach cancer; however, its effectiveness may depend on the stage and characteristics of the tumor. Therefore, it is important to discuss all possible treatment options with a doctor and choose the most appropriate one for each specific case.

Simultaneous gastro-colonoscopy (GCS) is a diagnostic and treatment method that allows for the simultaneous examination of the stomach and intestines. This method is more effective and convenient as it enables the assessment of two digestive system organs at the same time and the identification of potential pathologies.

GCS is performed using a special instrument called an endoscope, which is inserted through the mouth and the anal opening. Thanks to high-quality optical equipment, the doctor can thoroughly examine the walls of the stomach and intestines, assess the condition of the mucous membrane, and identify any abnormalities.

One of the main advantages of simultaneous gastro-colonoscopy is the ability to immediately perform a biopsy (take tissue samples for further study) or remove polyps and other pathological formations. This helps avoid additional procedures and reduces the risk of complications.

Moreover, simultaneous gastro-colonoscopy is a more economical option, as patients do not need to undergo two separate procedures, and less time is spent on preparation for the examination.

However, before undergoing simultaneous gastro-colonoscopy, it is necessary to consult with a doctor and undergo a preliminary examination, as this method is not suitable for all patients.

For the convenience and comfort of patients, we perform this procedure under medication-induced sleep.

Simultaneous gastro-colonoscopy is an effective and convenient method for examining the stomach and intestines, allowing for the detection of pathologies and the necessary treatment.