Treatment of Pyelonephritis: Modern Approaches and Effective Medications

ACUTE AND CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS -
is an inflammatory kidney disease affecting the renal parenchyma and the renal pelvis and calyces, usually caused by a bacterial infection. Treatment aims to eliminate the infection, reduce inflammation, and restore normal kidney function.

CHARACTERISTIC SYMPTOMS:

● Pain in the lumbar region (unilateral or bilateral).
● Frequent urges to urinate, often with painful sensations.

● Frequent urges to urinate, often with painful sensations.
● Burning or sharp pain during urination.
● Body temperature above 38°C, possible chills.
● General malaise, weakness.
● Possible changes in urine: cloudiness, unpleasant odor, possible blood admixture.

KEY APPROACHES IN TREATMENT:
EXAMINATION:

● Urine tests — to identify inflammatory changes and infectious agents.
● Ultrasound of the kidneys — to assess the condition of kidney tissue and detect abnormalities (stones, abscesses).
● Complete blood count — to assess the general condition of the body and the presence of inflammatory processes.
● Urine culture — to determine the pathogen and its sensitivity to antibiotics.
● CT scan of the kidneys with contrast — if necessary, when other diagnostic methods do not provide a clear answer.

DIET AND HYDRATION:

● Increase fluid intake: it is recommended to drink at least 2-3 liters of fluid per day. Pay attention to the following aspects:
○ Water:
■ Mineralization: low-mineralized water (0. 1–0. 5 g/l) is preferred for toxin removal. Examples: "Slavyanovskaya," "Essentuki No. 4. "
■ pH: choose water with a pH range of 6. 5–8. 0 to maintain acid-base balance.
○ Tea:
■ Herbal teas (lemon balm, mint, chamomile) without caffeine. Use fresh or high-quality dried herbs.
○ Juices:
■ Diluted juices from fresh fruits (e. g. , apple, carrot) without added sugar. Dilution with water (1:1) helps reduce acidity.
○ Decoctions:
■ Decoctions of lingonberry or bearberry. It is recommended to consume 1-2 glasses a day.
○ Total amount:
■ Aim for 2-3 liters of fluid per day, including water, teas, and juices, to maintain adequate hydration and improve kidney filtration.

GENERAL TREATMENT:

● Antibiotics — the main method of treating acute pyelonephritis. Effective drugs: "Avalox" (Germany), "Cephalexin" (USA), "Levofloxacin" (Germany), "Ciprofloxacin" (Germany).
● Anti-inflammatory agents — "Influgan" (Ukraine), "Ibuprofen" (Italy), "Diclofenac" (Germany) to reduce pain and inflammation.
● Agents to improve microcirculation — "Trental" (India) to enhance kidney blood supply.
● Uroseptics — natural (e. g. , "Macrocarpon" (Italy)) and synthetic (e. g. , "Furamag" (Latvia)) as indicated.

ADDITIONAL MEDICATIONS AND VITAMINS:

● Vitamin C — strengthens the immune system, recommended "Flu C" (Italy) in doses from 500 mg.
● Zinc and chromium — important for immune function, "LipoActive" (Italy) for preventing deficiency.

ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT METHODS:

● Herbal infusions — bearberry, lingonberry, corn silk have diuretic and anti-inflammatory effects.
● Homeopathy — remedies "Cantharis" (Latvia) and "Berberis" (Germany) to support treatment.
● Aromatherapy — essential oils (tea tree oil, eucalyptus) for inhalations or massages.
● Phytotherapy — extracts of bearberry or lingonberry to improve kidney function.
● Cordyceps — strengthens immunity and promotes recovery.
Invasive treatment methods:

● Vessilen (Italy) — a drug for bladder protection in recurrent cystitis and pyelonephritis.
● Vaccine "StroVac" (Italy) — additional protection in recurrent infections caused by E. Coli.
● Surgical intervention — for structural abnormalities contributing to the development of acute pyelonephritis.

PERSONAL HYGIENE AND LIFESTYLE:

● Avoiding hypothermia — monitor temperature conditions, especially in winter.
● Observing hygiene standards — maintaining cleanliness and proper nutrition to reduce the risk of infections.
● Regular physical activity — moderate exercises such as yoga or outdoor walks contribute to improving the body's condition.